Building Objects with AutoCAD - Section 2

5.2.1 Auxiliary lines and lightning

Auxiliary lines, as the name implies, can serve as on-screen guides to make drawings, but can not be part of them because they extend infinitely throughout the drawing area.
The horizontal or vertical auxiliary lines only require a point on the screen. The rest requires other data, such as the angle. Let's see the video where we have created some auxiliary lines.

The rays are also auxiliary lines but infinite in only one of their ends. Multiple rays can be drawn from a single point of origin. Actually, both witness lines and rays were important tools in previous versions of Autocad. The use of other methods, such as the “Object Snap” that we will see in chapter 9, have made its use almost unnecessary.

5.2.2 Multiple Lines

Finally, we have another type of lines that are drawn using the same procedure that we used at the beginning of this section, but now it is about multiple lines, which, simply, are parallel lines that are drawn simultaneously. The number of parallel lines that are drawn depends on the style of line that we are using. The determination and configuration of the styles of lines in general and of the styles of multiple lines in particular is a reason for study of the 7 chapter. We can also add that there are particular tools for editing this type of lines, which we will study in the 17 chapter. , therefore, let's see how to create multiple lines for the time being.

5.3 Rectangles

The information needed to construct a rectangle is simply the point of any of its corners and then the point of the opposite corner. The additional options that can be seen in the command window and that must be chosen before establishing the first point are:

a) Chamfer: A chamfer is a cut to the corners of the rectangle (in general, a chamfer can be applied to any pair of lines that form a vertex, as will be seen later). When we indicate “C”, instead of the point of the first corner, Autocad asks us for the chamfer distance of the first line and then the distance of the second.
b) Fillet: The fillet option rounds the corners of the rectangle (it actually makes a cut and joins the lines with an arc). When we indicate M, Autocad asks us for the radius of the arc that will "round" the corners of the rectangle.
c) Elevation and Alt-object: These commands have to do more with the three-dimensional drawing and will be studied in the corresponding section. For now we can advance that Elevation allows assigning a value of elevation of the rectangle on the Z axis. Alt-object allows us to indicate an extrusion value to the object. However, neither of the two options can be seen in the 2D view with which we are working now, for this we would have to resort to an 3D view.
d) Thickness: This option allows defining a line thickness to the rectangle. However, later this topic is explained and in the section on organization of drawings, we will see the convenience of not applying line thicknesses to objects individually, but organizing them by layers.
Let's see how rectangles are constructed using each of these options.

So far, however, we have obviated the fact that, once the first point is established, Autocad presents us with new options for the construction of the rectangle that can be perfectly derived from the first point. Let's list those options as we did with the previous ones.

a) Area: Once the first point is established and "aRea" is selected, pressing an erre, we can indicate an area value for the rectangle, after which Autocad will request the distance of the length of the rectangle or its width . With one of the two values, Autocad will calculate the other so that the area of ​​the rectangle is equal to the one indicated.
b) Dimensions: with this option, the rectangle is constructed with the value of the width (the horizontal dimension) and the value of the length (vertical dimension) that we capture.
e) Rotation: The first point of the rectangle becomes the vertex of an angle established with this option, which will determine the inclination of one of the sides of the rectangle, what remains is to indicate the other point, or use any of the previous options with which it can be combined.

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